Luria: Part I. cont. Speech

again from 1973 article op cit.

The primary defect in "sensory aphasia" in in phonematic hearing, disturbance of perception of basic units of acoustic speech sounds leading to problems with naming,writing, etc. This contrasts with the classical view of these areas as crucial for "understanding speech." Similary motor aphasia, classically thought to be the center for motor images of a word, is incomplete and lacks the notion of a system of afferents to provide control of complex motor efferents. 2 types of motor aphasia exist. Posterior inferior lesions cause deafferentation with patients unable to find "articulemes" and is similar to "disintegration of speech" described by Alajouanine et al. Lesions of the posterior third frontal convolution (Broca's area) allows articulation but not transitions or "kinetic melodies" andis called an "efferentor kinetic motor aphasia."

Semantic aphasia is originally attributed to Henry Head and involves tertiary tempero-parieto-occipital zones and is associated with loss of understanding of complex grammatical structures with loss of computation, spatial orientation,and constructional praxis. Luria posits 2 forms of grammatical structures with one due to spatial lesions,the other spared.

Dynamic aphasia is similar to transcortical motor aphasia andaspontaneity of speech. Lesions of anterior speech areas spare naming and repetition but greatly affect spontaneous fluent propositional speech. Inner speech and predicative function is affected (cites Vygotsky and Luria et al, 1968). The "linear scheme of the phrase" and"deep grammaticalstructure" is affected.